Selected Posts on Anti-Relativity - 物理の勉強掲示板
Selected Posts on Anti-Relativity
0nakayama
2023/02/18 09:14 5562view
Michelson-Morley Experiment
It (done in air) is nonsense. In air, light is propagated at c/n. So, the result of M-M experiment (done in air) is only natural.
In a book "Theory of Relativity" by Pauli, W 1958, it's written as follows (quoted from English version ; in 1-6). "Rather should one say that for an observer moving with medium, light is propagated as usual with velocity c/n in all directions".
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114中山 2024/03/02 08:51
Propagation of Light in Two Ways (again
Annual aberration and daily aberration mean motion of Earth (with respect to aether). On the other hand, if the distance to the light source is moderate (no, even the distance to the Moon also !), propagation of light will follow emission theory. Relativity will fade away, and both aether and emission theory will revive. Someday as phoenixes.
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2024/03/02 08:51
Propagation of Light in Two Ways (again
Annual aberration and daily aberration mean motion of Earth (with respect to aether). On the other hand, if the distance to the light source is moderate (no, even the distance to the Moon also !), propagation of light will follow emission theory. Relativity will fade away, and both aether and emission theory will revive. Someday as phoenixes.
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113中山 2024/02/28 12:34
Propagation of Light in Two Ways (guess)
In space, spaceship is floating (not accelerating). From this spacecraft, multiple probes begin a uniform linear motion towards assigned star on celestial sphere. A light source set on the probes that shines at a certain frequency is visible from the spacecraft.
Is the assumption that propagation of light in two ways (written before) correct ? If correct, frequency of probe's light (reaches the spacecraft) that emitted from before and after a few light-seconds distance will be different (although in rare cases it may not be different). The two, emission theory and aether will revive as phoenixes.
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2024/02/28 12:34
Propagation of Light in Two Ways (guess)
In space, spaceship is floating (not accelerating). From this spacecraft, multiple probes begin a uniform linear motion towards assigned star on celestial sphere. A light source set on the probes that shines at a certain frequency is visible from the spacecraft.
Is the assumption that propagation of light in two ways (written before) correct ? If correct, frequency of probe's light (reaches the spacecraft) that emitted from before and after a few light-seconds distance will be different (although in rare cases it may not be different). The two, emission theory and aether will revive as phoenixes.
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112中山 2024/02/26 13:43
Emission Theory (guess)
For a few seconds after emission, propagation of light will follow emission theory, and then follows the aether reference frame (as written before). In other words, from the aether reference frame, speed of light will vary, and energy of a photon will also vary. It is said that energy of light is proportional to its frequency.
Note) The above will be possible to explain accuracy of measuring the distance to Moon (by laser) and aberration without contradiction.
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2024/02/26 13:43
Emission Theory (guess)
For a few seconds after emission, propagation of light will follow emission theory, and then follows the aether reference frame (as written before). In other words, from the aether reference frame, speed of light will vary, and energy of a photon will also vary. It is said that energy of light is proportional to its frequency.
Note) The above will be possible to explain accuracy of measuring the distance to Moon (by laser) and aberration without contradiction.
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111中山 2024/02/21 11:29
Aberration (again)
Space is filled with aether. For light, aether acts as a medium (as a reference frame). In other words, light propagates at the same speed through aether. Regardless of the direction of propagation. Earth is moving at different speeds with respect relative to aether. Therefore, speed of light with respect to Earth is different.
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2024/02/21 11:29
Aberration (again)
Space is filled with aether. For light, aether acts as a medium (as a reference frame). In other words, light propagates at the same speed through aether. Regardless of the direction of propagation. Earth is moving at different speeds with respect relative to aether. Therefore, speed of light with respect to Earth is different.
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110中山 2024/02/20 15:30
Aberration (again)
Space is filled with aetheric reference frame (uniform isotropic : absolute rest frame). This will be only one hypothesis that can explain various types of aberration.
Aberration is a phenomenon completed in upper atmosphere. It is the same as refraction. Result of Airy's experiment (tube of telescope is filled with water) is only natural.
Due to aberration, it is said that visible position (direction) of celestial bodies shift beyond the direction of motion of Earth. No, shift will be behind the direction of motion of Earth. This will be clear by illustration of light rays in atmosphere.
Draw trajectory of position of a celestial body (on celestial sphere. returns to source every year). Ellipse of annual aberration will be warped by secular aberration. Daily aberration will be many small circles (365 pearls).
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2024/02/20 15:30
Aberration (again)
Space is filled with aetheric reference frame (uniform isotropic : absolute rest frame). This will be only one hypothesis that can explain various types of aberration.
Aberration is a phenomenon completed in upper atmosphere. It is the same as refraction. Result of Airy's experiment (tube of telescope is filled with water) is only natural.
Due to aberration, it is said that visible position (direction) of celestial bodies shift beyond the direction of motion of Earth. No, shift will be behind the direction of motion of Earth. This will be clear by illustration of light rays in atmosphere.
Draw trajectory of position of a celestial body (on celestial sphere. returns to source every year). Ellipse of annual aberration will be warped by secular aberration. Daily aberration will be many small circles (365 pearls).
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109中山 2024/02/19 13:57
Is speed of light constant ? (again)
As posted preciously (one of which is on 2023-2-18), constancy of speed of light is impossible. Therefore, time dilation and Lorentz contraction are also impossible. Without a doubt.
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2024/02/19 13:57
Is speed of light constant ? (again)
As posted preciously (one of which is on 2023-2-18), constancy of speed of light is impossible. Therefore, time dilation and Lorentz contraction are also impossible. Without a doubt.
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108中山 2024/02/12 15:17
Propagation of Light (again)
Light propagates in two ways.
1) A reflector placed on moon's surface is irradiated with laser light, and by reflected light, distance to Moon is measured. Error is a few centimeters. Laser light emitted from light source will follow emission theory for at least one second. This guess can be scored 90 points out of 100 points.
2) Various types of aberration. Light will follow aether reference frame after passing through the region 1. This guess can be scored 120 points out of 100 points.
Note) In air,light propagates following to air reference frame. So, MM experiments done in air is nonsense.
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2024/02/12 15:17
Propagation of Light (again)
Light propagates in two ways.
1) A reflector placed on moon's surface is irradiated with laser light, and by reflected light, distance to Moon is measured. Error is a few centimeters. Laser light emitted from light source will follow emission theory for at least one second. This guess can be scored 90 points out of 100 points.
2) Various types of aberration. Light will follow aether reference frame after passing through the region 1. This guess can be scored 120 points out of 100 points.
Note) In air,light propagates following to air reference frame. So, MM experiments done in air is nonsense.
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107中山 2024/02/11 09:01
Sound Waves, Light Waves and an Observers (summary)
Sound waves propagate through air, and light waves propagate through aether. Medium is uniformly iosotropic, and speed of waves with respect to medium is constant. So, when a point-like wave source is stationary in medium, waves drawn on a plane are concentric circles. Therefore, if observer is moving with respect to medium, speed of sound waves and light waves for observer is not constant.
Note: Light waves using air as a medium propagate in the same way as sound waves.
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2024/02/11 09:01
Sound Waves, Light Waves and an Observers (summary)
Sound waves propagate through air, and light waves propagate through aether. Medium is uniformly iosotropic, and speed of waves with respect to medium is constant. So, when a point-like wave source is stationary in medium, waves drawn on a plane are concentric circles. Therefore, if observer is moving with respect to medium, speed of sound waves and light waves for observer is not constant.
Note: Light waves using air as a medium propagate in the same way as sound waves.
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106中山 2024/02/09 10:20
Culculating Equation of Doppler Effect
Speed of sound waves is constant only with respect to air, which is medium of propagation. Speed of light waves will probably be constant only with respect to aether, which is medium of propagation.
Therefore, calculating equation for frequency of light waves observed by an observer must be the same as culculating equation for frequency of sound waves observed by an observer.
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2024/02/09 10:20
Culculating Equation of Doppler Effect
Speed of sound waves is constant only with respect to air, which is medium of propagation. Speed of light waves will probably be constant only with respect to aether, which is medium of propagation.
Therefore, calculating equation for frequency of light waves observed by an observer must be the same as culculating equation for frequency of sound waves observed by an observer.
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105中山 2024/02/06 10:48
Doppler Effect and Variable Speed of Light
For Doppler effect of sound waves, following will hold. Speed of sound waves in air, which is medium for sound waves propagation, is constant. In other words, speed of sound waves is constant only with respect to air.
Doppler effect of light waves will be the same as that of sound waves. Medium of light waves is aether, which is uniformly isotropic. In other words, speed of light waves is constant only with respect to aether.
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2024/02/06 10:48
Doppler Effect and Variable Speed of Light
For Doppler effect of sound waves, following will hold. Speed of sound waves in air, which is medium for sound waves propagation, is constant. In other words, speed of sound waves is constant only with respect to air.
Doppler effect of light waves will be the same as that of sound waves. Medium of light waves is aether, which is uniformly isotropic. In other words, speed of light waves is constant only with respect to aether.
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104中山 2024/02/01 15:45
Speed of sound is variable, and also, speed of light will be variable.
Equation v = λ f holds between sound source and the observer. v is speed of sound to the observer, λ is wavelength, and f is frequency to the observer. The observer is in motion, which causes the frequency in varying. In above equation, what is varying is v (λ is not varying).
Equation v = λ f will also hold between light source and the observer. It will be v that is varying.
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2024/02/01 15:45
Speed of sound is variable, and also, speed of light will be variable.
Equation v = λ f holds between sound source and the observer. v is speed of sound to the observer, λ is wavelength, and f is frequency to the observer. The observer is in motion, which causes the frequency in varying. In above equation, what is varying is v (λ is not varying).
Equation v = λ f will also hold between light source and the observer. It will be v that is varying.
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103中山 2024/01/26 18:28
Kinetic Energy: Momentum: Force: Impulse (supplement)
Rotational momentum seems to be no matter. In the rotational motion of a body (imagine a disk), there is a state of speed zero. And on both sides of the disk, there are plus and minus rotational motions. We see plus and minus rotational motions qualitatively and quantitatively.
But what about linear momentum ? Even in the linear motion of a body, there will be a state of speed zero. And on both sides of the body, there will be plus and minus linear motions. We cannot see it qualitatively and quantitatively. But probably, is it tha same to rotational motions ?
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2024/01/26 18:28
Kinetic Energy: Momentum: Force: Impulse (supplement)
Rotational momentum seems to be no matter. In the rotational motion of a body (imagine a disk), there is a state of speed zero. And on both sides of the disk, there are plus and minus rotational motions. We see plus and minus rotational motions qualitatively and quantitatively.
But what about linear momentum ? Even in the linear motion of a body, there will be a state of speed zero. And on both sides of the body, there will be plus and minus linear motions. We cannot see it qualitatively and quantitatively. But probably, is it tha same to rotational motions ?
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102中山 2024/01/24 09:40
Kinetic energy: momentum: force: impulse (supplement)
Momentum is physical quantity that we can vary in laboratory. And the rotational momentum can be zero (no matter who sees it). The same will go for linear momentum. The two momentums will be adjoining. But we don't understand that, and we don't try.
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2024/01/24 09:40
Kinetic energy: momentum: force: impulse (supplement)
Momentum is physical quantity that we can vary in laboratory. And the rotational momentum can be zero (no matter who sees it). The same will go for linear momentum. The two momentums will be adjoining. But we don't understand that, and we don't try.
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101中山 2024/01/22 20:09
Kinetic Energy: Momentum: Force: Impulse (inference)
A homogeneous disk with mass M, diameter 2a, and uniform thickness is stationary (not rotating) with respect to the celestial sphere. Angular momentum of this disk is zero. It is zero for any observer in any motion.
There is a type of momentum called linear momentum, which is limited to motion in a straight line. A body of
mass M is moving in a straight line. By analogy with rotational motion, there may be situations where linear momentum is zero even on a straight line (stationary on a straight line). All movements of a mass point can be understood as movements relative to aether (absolute rest).
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2024/01/22 20:09
Kinetic Energy: Momentum: Force: Impulse (inference)
A homogeneous disk with mass M, diameter 2a, and uniform thickness is stationary (not rotating) with respect to the celestial sphere. Angular momentum of this disk is zero. It is zero for any observer in any motion.
There is a type of momentum called linear momentum, which is limited to motion in a straight line. A body of
mass M is moving in a straight line. By analogy with rotational motion, there may be situations where linear momentum is zero even on a straight line (stationary on a straight line). All movements of a mass point can be understood as movements relative to aether (absolute rest).
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100中山 2024/01/04 16:16
Motion of a Mass Point & Aether
Every mass point is either in motion or not. Motion is said to be relative, but this is only appearance. For mass points in motion, there are motions in which vector of motion (magnitude and direction) vary and motions in which there is no varying. In motion varying, inertial force that varies (qualitatively or quantitatively) is recognized. In motion without varying, inertial force is not recognized.
The above will be depending on existence of a uniform isotropic aether in space.
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2024/01/04 16:16
Motion of a Mass Point & Aether
Every mass point is either in motion or not. Motion is said to be relative, but this is only appearance. For mass points in motion, there are motions in which vector of motion (magnitude and direction) vary and motions in which there is no varying. In motion varying, inertial force that varies (qualitatively or quantitatively) is recognized. In motion without varying, inertial force is not recognized.
The above will be depending on existence of a uniform isotropic aether in space.
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99中山 2023/12/14 15:46
Bending of Light
Moon occults (covers up) star A on the celestial sphere. In this occultation, there is a moment when star A, center of Moon, and an observer make a straight line. An artificial disk the same apparent diameter (as Moon) follows Moon at the same apparent speed (as Moon). And it occults star A in the same way (as Moon). If occultation time is the same, there will be no bending of light due to gravity.
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2023/12/14 15:46
Bending of Light
Moon occults (covers up) star A on the celestial sphere. In this occultation, there is a moment when star A, center of Moon, and an observer make a straight line. An artificial disk the same apparent diameter (as Moon) follows Moon at the same apparent speed (as Moon). And it occults star A in the same way (as Moon). If occultation time is the same, there will be no bending of light due to gravity.
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98中山 2023/12/12 15:36 
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (in this A THORY ?)
Perihelion shift of Mercury is 575 seconds in 100 years. In wikipedia, there is a site titled "Perigee Shift" (in Japanese). In it, it's stated that 532 of the 575 seconds are caused by perturbations due to gravity of other planets, and remaining 43 seconds are caused by the effects of general relativity. Simply adding up gravity of other planets ? Is this A THEORY ?
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2023/12/12 15:36
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (in this A THORY ?)
Perihelion shift of Mercury is 575 seconds in 100 years. In wikipedia, there is a site titled "Perigee Shift" (in Japanese). In it, it's stated that 532 of the 575 seconds are caused by perturbations due to gravity of other planets, and remaining 43 seconds are caused by the effects of general relativity. Simply adding up gravity of other planets ? Is this A THEORY ?
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96中山 2023/12/10 16:15
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (summary)
In a web-site in English titled "Perihelion Precession of the Planets", there is a table on observed rates from Mercury (5.75 seconds/year) to Neptune (0.36 seconds/year). In these, direction of precession is the direction of planet's revolution, and these magnitude are assumed to be constant. Let's assume this table is true. So, this phenomenon will be caused by two bodies: planet each and Sun.
Adams and Le Verrier predicted the existence of Neptune and its position on the celestial sphere (from the precession of Uranus's position). But it was temporary and exceptional precession (perturbation).
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2023/12/10 16:15
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (summary)
In a web-site in English titled "Perihelion Precession of the Planets", there is a table on observed rates from Mercury (5.75 seconds/year) to Neptune (0.36 seconds/year). In these, direction of precession is the direction of planet's revolution, and these magnitude are assumed to be constant. Let's assume this table is true. So, this phenomenon will be caused by two bodies: planet each and Sun.
Adams and Le Verrier predicted the existence of Neptune and its position on the celestial sphere (from the precession of Uranus's position). But it was temporary and exceptional precession (perturbation).
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95中山 2023/11/20 12:44
Shift of Perihelion and Vernal Equinox of Earth (question)
A question arises. Aren't shift of perihelion and vernal equinox (of Earth) in the same direction and magnitude ? To me, it is probable but not certain. I'll leave it to the physicists.
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2023/11/20 12:44
Shift of Perihelion and Vernal Equinox of Earth (question)
A question arises. Aren't shift of perihelion and vernal equinox (of Earth) in the same direction and magnitude ? To me, it is probable but not certain. I'll leave it to the physicists.
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94中山 2023/11/10 09:35
Title of the page of the National astronomical observatory (of Japan) ephemeris computation office is shown below. Sorry for repeated addition.
暦Wiki/近日点の移動−国立天文台暦計算室
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2023/11/10 09:35
Title of the page of the National astronomical observatory (of Japan) ephemeris computation office is shown below. Sorry for repeated addition.
暦Wiki/近日点の移動−国立天文台暦計算室
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93中山 2023/11/07 08:56
A web-site with figures related to problem below appears using following keywords. Sorry, in Japanese.
近日点の移動 国立天文台暦計算室
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2023/11/07 08:56
A web-site with figures related to problem below appears using following keywords. Sorry, in Japanese.
近日点の移動 国立天文台暦計算室
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92中山 2023/11/06 07:49
To yesterday's post, following my posts are related.
Aug 5, Sep 19, and Sep 23, (2023). By
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2023/11/06 07:49
To yesterday's post, following my posts are related.
Aug 5, Sep 19, and Sep 23, (2023). By
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91中山 2023/11/05 13:01
Shift of Perihelion and Vernal Equinox of Earth (an idea)
A drawing shows Sun, Earth, and orbit of Earth. It also shows shift of perihelion of Earth (in the direction of revolution, annually) and shift of vernal equinox (in the opposite direction of revolution, annually). Shift of vernal equinox is said to be caused by precession of rotation axis (of Earth). Precession of rotation axis ? Really ? Shift of vernal equinox seems to be caused by extra centrifugal force due to size of Earth. There is no other reason than that it seems to fit well.
Note: Perihelion is said to take about 110,000 years, and vernal equinox takes about 26,000 years to complete one revolution.
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2023/11/05 13:01
Shift of Perihelion and Vernal Equinox of Earth (an idea)
A drawing shows Sun, Earth, and orbit of Earth. It also shows shift of perihelion of Earth (in the direction of revolution, annually) and shift of vernal equinox (in the opposite direction of revolution, annually). Shift of vernal equinox is said to be caused by precession of rotation axis (of Earth). Precession of rotation axis ? Really ? Shift of vernal equinox seems to be caused by extra centrifugal force due to size of Earth. There is no other reason than that it seems to fit well.
Note: Perihelion is said to take about 110,000 years, and vernal equinox takes about 26,000 years to complete one revolution.
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90中山 2023/10/31 13:36
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (question)
If one centroid is an approximation, two centroids are also approximation. But an inequality 0.04 < 0.0400479 will be a problem presentation for Newton's spherical shell theorem.
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2023/10/31 13:36
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (question)
If one centroid is an approximation, two centroids are also approximation. But an inequality 0.04 < 0.0400479 will be a problem presentation for Newton's spherical shell theorem.
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89中山 2023/10/31 10:44
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (question)
Value of perihelion shift of Mercury is 5.75 seconds/year (observed). Of this value, 5.32 seconds/year is said to be caused by gravity (perturbation) of other planets. And remaining 0.43 seconds/year is attributed to general relativity. Here, a question arises. Why is perihelion shift (of each orbiting) the same regardless of the direction and distances of other planets that exert gravity on Mercury ?
In a site in English "Perihelion Precession of the Planets", there are tables on observed values and on theoretical values for perihelion shift on planets (of solar system). The same question arises.
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2023/10/31 10:44
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (question)
Value of perihelion shift of Mercury is 5.75 seconds/year (observed). Of this value, 5.32 seconds/year is said to be caused by gravity (perturbation) of other planets. And remaining 0.43 seconds/year is attributed to general relativity. Here, a question arises. Why is perihelion shift (of each orbiting) the same regardless of the direction and distances of other planets that exert gravity on Mercury ?
In a site in English "Perihelion Precession of the Planets", there are tables on observed values and on theoretical values for perihelion shift on planets (of solar system). The same question arises.
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88中山 2023/10/25 10:36
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (and free fall)
Towards Earth, two bodies with the same mass are in free fall. One is assumed to be a single point (with no size), and the other is a long pole (falling vertically). Also assumed that gravity of Earth is constant at g. As posted formerly, magnitude of gravity of Earth acting on two bodies will be former < latter slightly. As example, in my former post, it was 0.04 < 0.04000479. So latter continues to fall in advance. In a broad sense, orbital motion is considered to be free fall. It seems that the shift of perihelion of Mercury is caused by its size.
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2023/10/25 10:36
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (and free fall)
Towards Earth, two bodies with the same mass are in free fall. One is assumed to be a single point (with no size), and the other is a long pole (falling vertically). Also assumed that gravity of Earth is constant at g. As posted formerly, magnitude of gravity of Earth acting on two bodies will be former < latter slightly. As example, in my former post, it was 0.04 < 0.04000479. So latter continues to fall in advance. In a broad sense, orbital motion is considered to be free fall. It seems that the shift of perihelion of Mercury is caused by its size.
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86中山 2023/10/23 10:54
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (supplement)
Imagine that two Mercurys are revolving in the orbit of Venus and Neptune. At two perihelions, Mercury moves in the same vector (direction and speed) as Venus and Neptune. Magnitude of Mercury's shift of perihelion will be smaller than that of the two. Because size of Mercury is smaller than that of the two.
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2023/10/23 10:54
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (supplement)
Imagine that two Mercurys are revolving in the orbit of Venus and Neptune. At two perihelions, Mercury moves in the same vector (direction and speed) as Venus and Neptune. Magnitude of Mercury's shift of perihelion will be smaller than that of the two. Because size of Mercury is smaller than that of the two.
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85中山 2023/10/19 07:54
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (continued)
Imagine Mercury is revolving in the orbit of Neptune. Size of Mercury seen from Sun is close to a single point. So, magnitude of perihelion shift as two-body problem will be slight. And are perturbations outstanding ?
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2023/10/19 07:54
Perihelion Shift of Mercury (continued)
Imagine Mercury is revolving in the orbit of Neptune. Size of Mercury seen from Sun is close to a single point. So, magnitude of perihelion shift as two-body problem will be slight. And are perturbations outstanding ?
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